Ingot mold



A I the type Patented Apr. 24, 1928.

EMIL GATHHANN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

moor MOLD.

Application filed August 8, 1927. Serial No. 211,481.

This invention relates to ingot molds of known as big-end-down molds, in which the mold chamber tapers upwardly and inwardly from bottom to top. Such molds are still used to a large extent in many places, although the big-end-up mold is now generally employed in theproduction of quality steel ingots.

t is common in the use of-1n ot molds to employ what is known as a eeder or shrink head casing in the upper portion of the mold chamber for the purpose of reducing the pipe in the ingot or to confine the rimary pipe to the top ut in molds of the big-end-down type It has been very difficult to obtain'a close fit of the casing in the mold because of the increasing diameter of the mold chamber from .top' to bottom. Fins tend to form in the clearance between the outer walls of the casing and the inner walls of the mold unless teeming of the ingot is stopped off, when the metal has risen within the lower part of the shrink head casing, fora sufficient period to allow a seal of metal to form at the outer edges of thus prevent the steel from between risinlg the casing and the mold wall. his practice, while. serving its purpose of preventing fins, delays the teeming operation and.

induces in the ladle what are known as 'running stoppers. This is due to the longer period of time the brick is subjected to the heat of the molten metal and to the excessive number of times the nozzle of the ladle is opened and closed, so that the stopper head of the ladle is frequently broken or washed away, causing bad pouring practice for a portion of the heat.

In molds of the kind referred to, the corners of the mold chamber have all been rounded with a fillet of considerable radius throughout their length, i. e. from top to bottom, so as torounded corners, in reheating than if the corners were angular. I have found that by considerably reducing the radius of the corners in the upper part of the mold chamber, it is pdssible to apply'a shrink head casing of suitable construction to the mold in such manner as btain close contact of the casing with the walls of the mold chamber, thus preventing the objections before referred-to.

portion of the ingot,

the casing andproduce ingots having which are less apt'to burn corners of the lower part ofthe mold chamher are rounded in the usual manner and merge into less rounded corners of the shrink head portion of the mold.

I preferably employ a shrink head casinghaving a' plurality of members, four or more slabs or sections so proportioned that in the mold they will fit somewhen inserted what loosely. I then-insert wedges between the ends of the sections so as to force them' into close contact with the mold walls.

By these improvements I have found that it is not necessary to interrupt the pouring operation while teeming the mold.

In the drawings:

Figurel is a vertical central section of an ingot mold and shrink head ing my invention, resting on a mold stool.

he'cross section of, the mold below the line 2-2 is the same as the the mold shown in Figure 2.

casing embody- Figure '2 is an enlarged view in horizontal.

section on the line upwardly.

Figure 3isa detail how the casin sections are the mold cham er by wedges.

Figure 4 is a detail view on an enlar ed scale on the line. 22 of Figure 1 looking upwardly showing how the body portion of the mold chamber and the shrink head chamber portion thereof merge into each other. a

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing {10v}; the shrink head casing sections interoc The mold A, which is of big-end-down construction, is shown resting on a stool B of the type described in my United States Patent The shrink head casing is indicated generally in Figure 1-by the letter C. .The corners of the body portion of the mold are rounded or provided with relatively large 2-2 of Figure 1 looking tightened in indicated at a, for the purposes above explained. This rounding of the cornersextends from the extreme bottom of the mold cavity to the horizontal plane indicated at m in Figure 1. chamber is narrowed from the plane 3 to the top of the mold, and between the planes 0: and the walls are inclined in such manner that the walls of the body part of the sectional view showing No. 1,611,020, of December 14, 1926.

The upper portion of the cross section of mold chamber merge into the walls of the shrink head portion of the chamber. This inclined portion of the mold chamber is indicated at E.

Inasmuch as the corners of the upper portion of the mold chamber are provided with relatively very small radii, I am enabled to employ a shrink head casing that will make a close fit with the mold and thus avoid the troubles before explained. To obtain the best results I make the casing in sectionspreferably four as indicated at D, D D Each of the sections is formed at one to receive the adjacent end of a companion section, as indicated in Figure 2, and also to receive a wedge ll. Each section is also preferably provided with a flange d to support the section when first end with a recess (Z 'placed in the mold and until the wedges are a plied to force the mold walls.

The casing sections are placed in the top of the mold and are supported therein by the flanges. Then the wedges are applied, forcing the casing sections into close contact with the mold walls so that the ingot may be teemed without interruption or stop-oft, obviating the objections encountered with the ordinary big-end-down sinkhead mold.

By reference to Figure 4 it will be observed that the corners of the body portion of the mold chamber are decidedly rounded or provided with large fillets, while the corners of the upper portion of the chamber,

sections against the where the sink head is located, are provided with relatively small fillets.

As in all big-end-down molds, some secondary pipe or shrinkage cavities will form in the body of the ingot. There is, however, a decided improvement in practice with the present type of mold, due primarily to the better fitting of the shrink head casing in the upper part of the mold.

I claim as my invention:

1. A metallic ingot mold having a chamber formed with rounded corners extending upwardly and inwardly from bottom toward the top and having relatively narrow parallel. upper wall portions formed with corners which are relatively acute.

2. A metallic ingot mold having a chambcr formed with rounded corners extending upwardly and inwardly from bottom toward the top and having relatively narrow substantially parallel upper wall portions formed with smaller and more acute corners for the purpose specified.

An ingot mold having a chamber formed with rounded corners extending upwardly and inwardly from bottom toward the top of the mold and having relatively narrow substantially parallel upper wall portions which merge into the wider portion of the mold and which have rounded corners that are relatively of smaller radii.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

EMIL GATHMANN. 

